Events of World War II - 466 Words

World War2, many events took place in history. In World War2,these events had most been written about the holocaust, ration books, Green Police, and the famous concentration and death camp of that time. In 1939, people started and needed to use ration books. German submarines attacked British and American ships, so many supplies had to be cut short. During this time, the Nazi created an organization of soldiers called â€Å"Gestapo† or â€Å"Green Police†. Later on, in 1945, Auschwitz was created and became famous for the deaths of thousands of people. While World War2 was going on, many events changed the lives of many people. Some of the events connected to the play â€Å"The Diary of Anne Frank† and characters. Ration books were books that showed the persons sex, age, weight, and height. Each ration books also shown how much the person gets of goods per family. â€Å"On National Registration Day on September 29, 1939, every house holder had to fill in a form giving details of the people who lived in their house.† (Introduction to rationing in Britain during World War 2, Borrow) National Registration Day was important for the householders. The form was to see how many people get to have how much supplies month per ration book. This national day was important for many and it was to inform no illegal ration books were sold. â€Å"Its illegal then, ration Books? We’ve never done anything illegal.† (Goodrich, Francis and Albert Hackett. â€Å"The diary of Anne Frank† Prentice Hall Literature: SilverShow MoreRelatedThe Events Of World War II1285 Words   |  6 PagesThe Tenth’s triumphs in Italy were demonstrative of the value of specialized forces. Their succ ess both was very influential in the events of World War II and in proving the value of specialized forces. Once the government saw how effective the focused training of this division was, they realized that a new era had begun. The Tenth Mountain Division started the period of special forces. The men in the division used their mountain climbing skills to formulate a brilliant plot to capture Riva RidgeRead MoreThe Events Of World War II Essay1284 Words   |  6 PagesA â€Å"watershed† event could best be described as one such an event that marked a turning point in a course of actions or affairs. Some would argue that the second World War was nowhere close to being a watershed event and more closely aligned with being a devastating period for American history. Funnily enough, most would critically disagree with such a statement. World War II sent the United States through a frenzy of change — change that would extend even over to today’s time! So in retrospect ofRead MoreThe Events Of World War II1233 Words   |  5 PagesAt about 11 o clock on the morning of June 28, 1914, the archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria was assassinated in Sarajevo; Event that is known as the trigger of the Great War, World War I; Which lasted little more than 4 years, un til November 11, 1918 when Germany signed the Armistice of Compià ¨gne. On September 1, 1939; 25 years later, World War II began with the invasion of Germany into Poland, and culminated 6 years later, on September 2, 1945. When we think of these times, many things come toRead MoreThe Events Of World War II1293 Words   |  6 PagesIt is difficult, if not impossible put the events of World War II in context without a discussion about World War I. Known at first as the Great War, the occurrences that lead up to this conflict and its happenings caused a series of events that many see led up to the start of the second World War. Although the two wars are usually seen as separate events, it is important to see the connections linking the two together. The Great War ending was one that saw Germany placed the position of sole guiltRead MoreThe Events Of The World War II1537 Words   |  7 PagesUniversity Operation Barbarossa U.S. Military History – SS3505 Nick Alessandroni 11/8/2014 â€Æ' Despite varying opinions on what actual triggered the start of World War II, Hitler ordering the invasion of Poland on September 1st, 1939 is believed to be the true mark of the beginning of the Second World War. Germany had been pondering war with Poland since the 1920s and recovering lost territory was considered the main objective (Radzilowski J., 2004). However, the initial reason for the German invasionRead MoreThe Events Of The World War II986 Words   |  4 PagesWhat steps led to American participation in World War II? (Chapter 22) After World War I legacy the Great Depression brought isolationism. The best work produced by President Roosevelt was the Four Freedoms; freedom of speech, freedom of worship, freedom from want, and freedom from fear. President Roosevelt was the leader of the Allies, he used this statement as part of his Allies aim. The Soviet Union joined the Allies after being invaded by Germany. Millions of art were sold and reprinted asRead MoreWorld War II : A Watershed Event1690 Words   |  7 PagesWorld War II was considered to be a watershed event in history by many historians. A watershed event is commonly referred to as an â€Å"event or period marking a turning point in a course of action or state of affairs†. World War II was an event that changed history and the aftermath wrecked most ideas of the future before the war. After the war every party wanted to not repeat this war, so instead of peace, the world rearmed with new technologies and humanitarian ideologies to prevent any form of theRead MoreEvents that Triggered World War II1193 Words   |  5 Pageseffects of World War 1. In the meantime Adolf Hitler granted to be ruler of Germany, in return he would take revenge on the people causing their defeat in World War 1, most specifically Jews. Russia: Russia was part of the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union was the main enemy of Germany. Most of Germanys resources went to fight the Soviets not the western allies. The bloodiest fighting of WW2 occurred on the Russian Front. The Soviet Union is directly responsible for Germanys declaration of war on theRead MoreHorrific Events from World War II778 Words   |  3 PagesTwo most horrific events in world history occurred in World War Two. They are known as the holocaust and the Japanese war crimes. The question is, which was worse? And who actually recalls anything named Japanese War crimes? Both were unmerciful acts, but the criminals of the Japanese were never brought to justice. The Japense war crimes was worse, because they were killed, discriminated, and American soldiers cut their body parts alive or dead as souvenirs, this was known as American mutilationRead MoreEssay on The Awful Events of The World War II526 Words   |  3 PagesWorld War II was the most unhaumane event in time of American history or even world history. Hitler was in charge of the mass destruction in Europe. His plan was callled the final solution, him and his right hand man Himmler a had created. The plan was to kill everyone w ho wasnt an undesirable such as jews. The Arain race was the perfect form of people that Hitler wanted to create and only have, this racd consisted of blue eyes, blonde hair, muscualr/fit, and tall. In 1933 Hitler became the chancellor

Analysis Of Christopher Hill s The World Turned Upside...

In The World Turned Upside Down, Christopher Hill remarks: Most men and women in seventeenth-century England lived in a universe of enchantment, in which God and the fallen angel interceded every day, a universe of witches, faries, and charms. English subjects living in Virginia amid the seventeenth century were the same in this appreciation. The men and ladies who moved to the New World all through the 1600s were results of the same religious society as their English partners. They conveyed with them the cutting edge European confidence in the forces of wicked strengths over occasions in the transient world and its occupants (Newman 2009). Essex Area, which was made out of for the most part puritans and, something else, religious individuals. These individuals trusted that the imperceptible world was similarly as genuine as the obvious one. The thought of ghostly proof appeared to be totally genuine and more alarming than a danger of it in the noticeable world. These pilgrims could undoubtedly trust that a lady down the road was working with the villain, in light of the allegation of a young lady who said that she appeared to her in a fantasy or vision. In Salem, homicide was advocated for the sake of God, or in resistance the Fallen angel (H 2009). The English pilgrim who came to Virginia in 1607 had confidence in the truth of witchcraft before they even set foot on North American soil. Like most Europeans, their Christian confidence had profound roots, and they sawShow MoreRelatedGes Two-Decade Transformation Jack Welchs Lea11469 Words   |  46 Pages9-399-150 REV: MAY 3, 2005 CHRISTOPHER A. BARTLETT MEG WOZNY GE s Two-Decade Transformation: Jack Welch s Leadership On September 7, 2001, Jack Welch stepped down as CEO of General Electric. The sense of pride he felt about the company s performance during the previous two decades seemed justified judging by the many accolades GE was receiving. 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Principles of Marketing New Product Development Free Essays

string(81) " of women will be less and they have only to manage the wiper with water supply\." UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB GUJRANWALA CAMPUS â€Å"Principles of Marketing† â€Å"MARKETING PROJECT† â€Å"New Product Development† Submitted to: â€Å"Prof. Hafiz Ihsan-ur-Rehman† Submitted By: Usman Khalid Mc09023 Umar Farooq Mc09002 Faraz Raza Mc09040 M. Usman Mc09026 Jahangir Badar Mc09061 Ahmad Khayyam Mc09035 PROJECT CONTENTS 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Principles of Marketing: New Product Development or any similar topic only for you Order Now Segmentation Target Marketing (Characteristics: How Product fit with T. M. ) 2. Product Ideas ,Screening, Concept Development Testing. 3. Demand Estimation 4. Marketing Mix 1) Product 2) Price 3) Placement ) Promotion (Print, Radio T V ads. ) 5) 5. Cost Estimation Variable costFixed cost P. U. P. U. 6. Plant Cost Segmentation Target Marketing Segmentation: â€Å"Dividing a market into smaller groups with distinct needs characteristics or behaviors who might require separate product or marketing mix† Geographic Segmentation: We considered the Punjab as a whole market for our Product and divide the Punjab on the basis of cities e. g. Gujranwala, Lahore, Gujrat. We divide the GRW market on zone basis i. e. Satellite town, Model town, Urdu bazaar, People colony etc. Demographic Segmentation: (on the family size basis) Now we divide the selected urdu Bazar market on the basis of family size. A family whose has ten members need a wiper after six months or replacement of rubber is necessary after three or four months. Target Market: Our product is consumer product and basically for household. Our Targeted Market is Urdu Bazar in which we supply the wip wiper on different shops for sale. Our Targeted Customers are families in which there are five or more family members. Targeted market How wip wiper fit with the Target Market? Our Product Wip wiper is fit with the Targeted market of urdu Bazar because it is a household item and is purchased by the family people. And in Urdu Bazar of Gujranwala people come for purchase of different household items and our product wip wiper has additional quality of water supply so our Stall of product will attract the people and people will buy it due to its additional features. And there are also potential buyers of wiper that purchased the wiper after six months we can also convert these buyer on our product. Our product is consumer product. It is the need of every house and we are providing additional facility in this product i. e. water supply. In the selected targeted market, there will be many customers of product â€Å"WIP WIPPER† So its better market for our product New Product Development â€Å"New Product Development process consist of ideas generation, ideas screening, concept development and testing, business analysis, test market, commercialization and launching the new product in the targeted market. We discuss the four these things relating to our Product of wipe wiper. Now the detailed information of these is under: IDEAS GENERATION Following are the New Product ideas are generated by our Group members. Which are as follows: 1) Create such type of machine, that convert any blood group into required blood group. Just like we want â€Å"O Negative† and we have â€Å"A Positive† then machine will help us to convert our available blood group of â€Å"A Positive† into required â€Å"O Negative† blood group. 2) NOKIA mobile company should create that type of mobile in which translator facility is included. This Mobile Phone will give advantage to the people who are not able to speak different type of languages. ) There should be a wiper with additional qualities of water supply, detergent supply and cleaning the dust smoothly. Due to this product the work of women will be less and they have only to manage the wiper with water supply. You read "Principles of Marketing: New Product Development" in category "Essay examples" 4) PlayStation gaming company should to create that t ype of glasses in which there is facility of watching television and playing different type of games. This type of glasses will provide advantage to the people to watch different types of movies, program and play different type of exciting games during traveling. ) PHILIPS Company should develop remote control system for switching off the TUBE LIGHT when required without movement of the person. 6) Replacement of petrol tank into CNG tank in order to use the CNG instead of petrol in Motorcycles. It will be beneficial to save the petrol and to control the pollution in the environment because CNG is less costly as compared to petrol. 7) GFC fan company should develop that type of ceiling fans that are running with the help of SOLAR system without using electricity. And that fan should use separately its own SOLAR system. ) DOLCE and GABBANA wrist watch company should create that type of wrist watches in which Willkie Talkie facility is included. That gives advantage to the people for c ommunicating with each others within a specific distance. 9) PEPSI company should make Ice Cream products just like FEAST, CORNATO and OTHER similar Ice Creams that gives advantage to the PEPSI company for creating more market share. 10) HONDA motors should make that type of brake system in cars that immediately stop the cars from accidental events. Before any type of accident. 1) There should be a chip which are fix in front of the vehicles and by which the people can pay the TOOL TAX by prepaid accounts. That system will solve the traffic problems. 12) Use of internal device (Bluetooth) in CPU for data sharing IDEA SCREENING â€Å"Idea Screening means screening new-product ideas in order to spot good ideas and drop poor ones as soon as possible†. Next step of new product development process is idea screening in which most suitable ideas with possibilities to develop the new product are selected. Following are the three ideas which are selected by us for new product developm ent. After further verification and availability of resources we will select one of them for actual product development. 1) PHILIPS Company should develop remote control system for switching off the TUBE LIGHT when required without movement of the person. 2) There should be a wiper with additional qualities of water supply, detergent supply and cleaning the dust smoothly. Due to this product the work of women will be less and they have only to manage the wiper with water supply. 3) Use of internal device (Bluetooth) in CPU for data sharing Selected Idea for Project After screening ideas, we are going to develop a wiper with additional qualities of water supply, detergent supply and cleaning the dust smoothly. Due to this product the work of women will be less and they have only to manage the wiper with water supply. As this product will provide the much benefits to the people and there is need for such type of product in the society that will facilitate the women in their working, so there will be many customers for this product. So, our selected idea is the development of the wiper with water supply. CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT TESTING The idea of wipe wiper with additional quality of water supply and supply of detergent for washing and cleaning rooms So, There is no need to separately handle the water pipe and other equipment for washing the rooms and places of houses and offices. This is the concept of the product that might facilitate the cleaning of offices and houses. By observation of time, Group thinking is to develop this idea into actual product. We have discussed the idea of wipe wiper with many people and we have listen favorable words for our product and the potential buyers are agree to buy the new product, if we offer for sale. After satisfying the test market we are in a position to develop the â€Å"WIP WIPPER† Demand Estimation In Gujranwala, there are 2200000 people and when we divide the Gujranwala population on 10 (Average family members in a family) i. e. 2200000/10 =220000 We received 220000 families and there is a need of a wiper after six month or there is need for replacement of rubber. So, we conclude according to above estimation that the demand for our product in Gujranwala will be 220000 or more or less wiper at the start of the business and there will be a decrease in the demand after one month. e considered that our demand will be 220000/6=36666 For expansion of business, we have to go in other cities and for proper running of business, this demand is not sufficient. This Business has attractiveness due to its expanding market. Marketing Mix â€Å"The set of all controllable tactical marketing tools i. e Product, Price, Place and Promotion that the firm blends to produce the respons e it wants in the target market. † Following are the elements of Marketing Mix: PRODUCT Any thing that can be offered to a market for attention, acquisition, use, or consumption that might satisfy a want or need. LEVELS OF PRODUCT Before actual Product, we have to think on the three levels of the product. The more basic level of the product is the core benefit of the product. The second level of the product is actual product level and the last level of the product is to define the product at the augmented level of the product. Now we examine these levels relating to â€Å"WIPE WIPER†. 1:-CORE BENEFIT â€Å"Cleaning in minimum time. † 2:-ACTUAL PRODUCT: Now we turn the core benefit of cleaning in minimum time into actual product and define the product at this level. 1. NAME OF PRODUCT: Wipe wiper 2. FEATURES: Additional water supply of detergent, minimum time consumption, independently replaceable rubber. 3. DESIGN: Rubber of wiper will be in different colors, flexible handle pipe attachment. 4. QUALITY LEVEL: Use of high quality rubber and drying with in minimum time. 5. PACKAGING: It will be in simple packing. 6. BRAND NAME: â€Å"WIPE WIPER† 3:-AUGMENTED LEVEL 1. Facility for replacement of rubber. 2. Warranty within 2 months Product Inputs Following are the main elements which are used to produced the â€Å"WIPE WIPER†. These are 1. WIPER Rubber 2. Steel Sheet 3. Pipe of 4 Feet 4. Ball Wall 5. Spray Paint 6. Rubber Nails . 1 Piece of Nozzle PROCESS OF PRODUCTION Bend steel sheet to capture wiper rubber and then drill the sheet to capture rubber after that prepare wiper pipe and place ball wall and nozzle on it and made supply of water into wiper rubber then fitting and last step is colouring. PACKAGING: It will be in simple packing. LABELING There will only the name of t he brand of the wip wiper in the labeling at the front of the product . PRICING FOR THE NEW PRODUCT â€Å" The amount of money that a consumer has to pay to obtain the product. † Two strategies are used for setting prices for the New product. ? PRICE PENETRATION PRICE SKIMMING Price Penetration: Setting a low price for a new product in order to attract a large number of buyers and a large market share. Price Skimming: Setting a high price for a new product to skim maximum revenues layer by layer from the segments willing to pay the high price; the company makes fewer but more profitable sales. Pricing Strategy for our Product We select penetration pricing because there are enough competition in market. Our product is convenient product. It has certain features which are not available in the market such as water supply, detergent supply etc PLACEMENT OF THE â€Å"WIP WIPPER† We will use indirect marketing channel in the Gujranwala in which product is supplied to the retailer and then to the final user because the targeted market is short and within the city and easily manageable. But when we decide to launch the product outside the city means in an other city Lahore then we use indirect marketing channel (that will be vertical marketing channel) in which we will provide the product to the Distributor and then retailer and finally to the end user LOCAL MARKET OUTSIDE CITY MARKET Cost Estimation We are going to produced 1000 units of wipe wiper. Fixed cost estimation for this purpose is as follow: FIXED COST Plant cost 200000 Estimated life of plant is 10 year so 200000/10=20000 And 20000/12=1667 And1667/1000 so 1. 67 per unit Land cost 10000 per month so 10000/1000=10 so 10 is the per unit land cost. Advertisement Cost25*1000=25000 TOTAL COST |Variable Cost per Unit |= |323 | |Fixed Cost per Unit |= |11. 67 | | |= |334. 7 | |Advertising cost |= |25 | |Total Cost |= |359. 67 | Product PriceRs. 425 TOTAL VARIABLE COST For this the estimated variable product cost is under: |Items |Items name |Cost of input |Total cost | |No. |Per unit | | |1. |WIPER Rubber |50 |50*1000=50000 | |2. |Steel Sheet |30 |30*1000=30000 | | |6/8INCH of pipe 4 Feet |60 |60*1000=60000 | |3. | | | |4. |Ball Wall |100 |100*1000=100000 | |5. |Rubber Nails |5 |5*1000=5000 | |6. |Nozzle |10 |10*1000=10000 | |7. |colour |20 |20*1000=20000 | |8 |Wielding exp. 30 |30*1000=30000 | |9. |Labor cost |10 |10*1000=10000 | |10. |Electricity |3 |3*1000=3000 | |11. | gass |5 |5*1000=5000 | | |Total Cost |323 |323000 | Requirement for human force Labor: 4 skilled people are required for operating Plant and for distribution and sale, we are available. Requirement of Running Capital For proper running of Business there is approximately 500000 rupees are required. ———————– Gujranwala Satellite town Model town Urdu Bazar People colony Satellite town Model town Urdu Bazar People colony MANUFACTURER MANUFACTURER RETAILER Distributer CUSTOMER RETAILER CUSTOMER How to cite Principles of Marketing: New Product Development, Essay examples

Ethical Dilemma in Global Health Care

Question: Describe about the Ethical Dilemma in Global Health Care? Answer: According to answer of administrator of healthcare organization, there are several ethical dilemma that faced by the healthcare companies in the world. According to the administrator, following are the key ethical dilemma in global health care organization such as Access to care: According to Lysaught (2012), lack of access is the biggest issue for the country. Majority of companies in the world never maintain or implement the Affordable Care Act within their healthcare system. Gulzar Karmaliani (2012) stated that basic care is the primary key or hallmark in the civilized society. Therefore, major companies in healthcare industry unable to maintain primary care treatment of their patient with too much care. In most of cases it has been seen that patients has to fulfill the criteria End of life issues: As the population of world grows, end-of-life issues also grow. Majority of healthcare organization in the world is making their decision in order to achieve higher profit. Therefore, majority of companies in healthcare industry never maintain specified formula for making life-protecting medicine. They use un-prescribed drugs in their medicine. The administrator that, care of the dye is one of the richest parts in the operational process of healthcare organization has identified it. According to the administrator, treating with the pneumonia of pneumococcal with the penicillin becomes the high demand. However, most of the organization in healthcare industry in the world takes wrong steps for ending the life of person. Life of the person is measured by the value of costs in these days in healthcare industry. There is no place of quality of life for consideration. Treatment of someones life is based on the living standard in these days of healthcare industry. Limited Donor Organs and Medications: For the manufacturer in healthcare industry, medication shortage is the common issue. Due to low economic incentives, medication shortage often happens. Gulzar Karmaliani (2012) argued that there are several intravenous medications that are relying tend of generics for low profit margin. It is also one of the biggest ethical dilemmas in healthcare sector. In early days, majority of people donate their organs after dying. However, in these modern days, no such people whom willing to donate organs after dying. Government of different countries survey in different part in their own region and motivate people for donating the organs after dying. Care Quality: In the world, healthcare organization is facing huge challenges in terms of balancing quality of care. Lysaught (2012) cited that healthcare organization in the world could not efficiently maintain their safety and quality in taking care of patient. In order to make more profit, manufacturers in healthcare industry use high amount of drugs that derive wrong values in healthcare system. It has been identified that percentage rate of safety and quality issues in hospitals increased day by day. In the research report of Ache.org, 2015 identified that in 2012 quality issues was 4.4. However, in 2014 increased to 4.7. The quality of care damages due to bad relationship among the employees within the working environment of healthcare industry. Reference List Gulzar, S., Karmaliani, R. (2012). Sexual Abuse: An Ethical Dilemma of Autonomy vs. Beneficence and the Role of Healthcare Providers in a Community Setting. Asian Bioethics Review, 4(3), 198-209. doi:10.1353/asb.2012.0021 Lysaught, M. (2012).On moral medicine. Grand Rapids, Mich.: W.B. Eerdmans Pub. Co. Ache.org, (2015). Retrieved 2nd February 2015 from: https://www.ache.org/pubs/research/ceoissues.cfm

Ring-Tailed Lemur free essay sample

Lemurs are found exclusively on the small island of Madagascar, which is located on the coast of Africa, and some of the small neighboring islands. Due to this geographic isolation, Madagascar is the home to numerous amazing animals that are not found anywhere else on Earth. It has been said that lemurs might just have floated there eons ago on â€Å"rafts† of vegetation and simply evolved in isolation over countless centuries. If I were an animal, I would have to say that I would be a lemur. One of the two main reasons is because that lemurs are, naturally, a rare, and therefore endangered, species; thus making them truly one-of-a-kind. As my classmate and close friend, Lauren, told me, â€Å"[A lemur is] a rare animal and one-of-a-kind, like you. † The ring-tailed lemur was, quite obviously, named for the fact that its’ tail has black and gray rings on it. â€Å"Their ringed tails represent your layers of personalities,† Lauren added when she was explaining exactly why I would be a ring-tailed lemur if I were an animal. We will write a custom essay sample on Ring-Tailed Lemur or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As Lauren had said, the lemurs’ ringed-tails represent my many-layered personality. At school I am typically quiet, shy, and respectful. At home I am typically loud and talkative, yet extremely secretive. Around my friends I am talkative, kind, honest, but still secretive. Around little children and the elderly I am more open, compassionate, respectful, yet still slightly reserved. If I were an animal, I would have to say that I would be a lemur, and more specifically, a ring-tailed lemur.

How to Write a Limerick

How to Write a Limerick You might need to write a limerick for an assignment, or you may want to learn the art just for fun or to impress a friend. Limericks are fun  -   they usually have a bit of a twist and a perhaps a silly element. And best of all, they can be a great way to express how clever and creative you can be! The Elements of a Limerick A limerick contains five lines. In this mini-poem, the first, second, and fifth lines rhyme, and the third and fourth lines rhyme. Here is an example: There once was a student named Dwight,Who slept only three hours a night.He dozed in the classroomAnd snoozed in the bathroom,So Dwight’s college options are slight. There is also a certain rhythm to a limerick that makes it unique. The meter, or the number of beats (stressed syllables) per lines, is 3,3,2,2,3. For example, in the second line, the three stressed points are slept, three, and night. The syllabification is (usually) 8,8,5,5,8, but there is some variation in this. In the limerick above, there are actually 6 syllables in the third and fourth lines. How to Write Your Own Limerick To write your own limerick, begin with a person and/or a place. Make sure that one or both of them are easy to rhyme. For your first try, start with â€Å"there once was† and finish the first line with five more syllables. Example: There once was a boy from Cancun. Now think of a feature or an event and write a line that ends in a word that rhymes with Cancun, such as: Whose eyes were as round as the moon. Next, skip to the fifth line, which will be the final line that includes the twist or punch line. What are some of your rhyming word choices? There are many. BalloonRaccoonSpoonmaroon Try to think up something funny or clever to say and write a line that will end with one of your rhyming words. (You will find that the two short lines in the middle are easy to come up with. You can work on those last.) Here is one possible result: There once was a boy from Cancun,Whose eyes were as round as the moon.That wasn’t so bad,But the nose that he hadWas as long and as flat as a spoon. Have fun!

Is there microbial life in Mars Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Is there microbial life in Mars - Research Paper Example Most recently, scientists have come up with new and improved evidence to support their claims of life on Mars. The experiments, discoveries and propositions put forward by the scientists over the period of time regarding life on Mars are discussed further in the paper. The signs of microbial life first came into picture when the experiments of the Labeled Release (LR) apparatus turned out to be positive. This experiment tested on a sample of Martian soil by mixing it with a drop of water constituting of nutrients and radioactive carbon atoms. If the soil was positive for microbial life, the nutrients in the soil would be metabolized and radioactive gases such as methane or carbon dioxide would be produced. Control samples were also prepared by heating or isolating the samples that would kill any form of life if it existed. Control samples were also mixed with nutrient solutions; hence the control experiments provided a comparison. To the amusement and the excitement of the scientists , the LR experiment turned out positive for life. â€Å"The minute the nutrients were mixed with the soil sample, you got something like 10,000 counts of radioactive molecules- a huge spike from the 50 or 60 counts that constituted the natural background radiation on Mars† (Than). These were the earliest experiments performed by the NASA scientists in pursuit of their discovery for life on Mars. Although the LR experiments turned out positive but other space probes’ experiments were negative, making the existence of microbial life on Mars skeptical. Recently, the gas emissions on Mars have been linked to biological source. The experts believe that the chances for organisms to be a source of the gasses are quite explanatory and supportive of microbial life on Mars. The methane gas produced on the Red Planet is suspected to be produced by certain microbiological organisms. On the other hand, some scientists believe that methane can be a result of geological reasons i.e. volcanic processes. However, no active volcanoes have been discovered up till now on Mars. This evidence and explanation strengthens the probability of microbial life on Earth. Scientists have explained that methanogens, certain organisms, release methane as a waste product which dwells in the water beneath the underground ice. According to Prof Pillinger, â€Å"The most obvious source of methane is organisms. So if you find methane in an atmosphere, you can suspect there is life† (Staff Reporters). Miller and mathematician Giorgio Bianciardi, employed a cluster analysis technique on the Viking’s data. This technique groups together similar looking data. This analysis was performed to evaluate the realism of the experiments and investigate the outcome of the experiments. The technique turned out with two clusters; one with two active experiments and the other with five control experiments. The biological experiments from Earth sorted with the active experiments from Vi king exhibiting the validity of claims of microbial life on Mars. Another finding which supports the previous LR experiments is the Martian Rhythms. Circadian rhythms are internal clocks which can be found in every living thing, including microbes. On Earth the clock is set to 24 hour while on Mars it should be 24.7 hours, which is the duration of a Martian day. Miller noticed that the radioactive gas measurement sin the LR experiments exhibited a rhythmic rise during the day and decline during the night. The oscillations were in accordance with the Martian

Stress Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 6

Stress - Essay Example Some people start fighting when they are stressed out as a reactionary measure, which is called fight and the third is left or flight, which means that the stressed out person tries to escape of flee from the problems. My condition when I am stressed out is like freeze as I really do not know what should I do and where should I go. I have many issues in life, which have made me introvert. I want to keep everything just to myself. When I consider myself helpless and emotionally devastated, I try to cry aloud in loud music so that others cannot hear me. I cry until I get awfully tired and after that, I feel somewhat relaxed and eased out. I also spend my troublesome time at the sea where I just sit and ponder over my problems and life as a whole. I try to let in the cool air so that the heat within me caused by my issues can get cold. In my stressed condition, I do a lot of shopping that is useless after which, I have to go back to return certain things. I am not the only one with issues, as when I sat with my group members, we all felt sad because of our own issues in our lives. I was really surprised when I saw a guy crying out of emotional outburst. I used to think that men could not cry, as men are perceived as really unacceptable when they cry. However, like women, men can also have many issues, which can bring tears to their eyes. That guy was really worried and disturbed due to which, he shared his problems with others. Everyone has his own issues and they are not the same. However, people have issues with their parents, siblings, friends, and so on, that can appear as somewhat similar. They can cry like children, as they perceive themselves helpless and unsupported, due to which, all that they can do is crying for their issues. I considered myself alone and secluded and with problems. However, when I see other people with problems too, I do not consider

Manage Financial Operations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Manage Financial Operations - Essay Example The manager must be aware of the citizenship status of the employees that are hired. The government now imposes fines to companies that hired illegal immigrants. The general manager in the hospitality industry manages the day to day operations of the company. The person oversees the entire work staff. His job entails monitoring the performance of the entire business. A good general manager uses performance metrics such as vacancy rate to determine if the firm is achieving the desired profitability levels. Customer service is a very important factor that affects the ability of the business to retain its customers. There is a ranking for hotels called the five star system that evaluates hotel to provide them with a star ranking. Five star hotels can charge a premium price for their services. The mechanism represents a quality assurance mechanism that also provides goodwill to the brand name of the company. The owner of a business enjoys the benefits of the yearly profits of the firm. The owner does not oversee operations, but their advice and approval is needed for major strategic decisions. In public corporations the common stockholders are the owners of the property. They participate in the profits the company earns when the business entity declares dividends. Common statements vote a few times a year on major business decision through a proxy mechanism. The owners of corporation do not have any personal liability if the company goes bankrupt as far as having to pay for corporate debt. The financial controllers oversee the work of the accounting and finance departments. The work performed by internal accountant includes paying payroll, making purchases, paying bills and other obligations, and creation of financial statement among other things. These professionals have to make sure the company accounting records comply with the general accepted accounting principles (GAAP). It is important to document all financial transaction and keep accurate accounting

Impact of Stigma on the Fight Against AIDS

Impact of Stigma on the Fight Against AIDS Stigma is an essential constraint in the fight against AIDS. Discuss. 1500 words. In 2008, the World Health Organization argued that ‘†¦HIV-related stigma and discrimination are often prevalent within health services, and are critical obstacles to provision and uptake of health sector interventions. Stigma and discrimination—often pervasive at all levels of society—sustain an environment where it is difficult for health services to attract the people who most need the interventions.’ (World Health Organization HIV/AIDS Department 2008: p.12) As the same organisation reports, every day, over 6,800 people become infected with HIV and over 5,700 die. This paper discusses the way in which the stigmatisation of Aids sufferers impedes understanding of their condition, and the ability of society to address the problem holistically. It argues that society has a tendency to vilify target groups over problematical and divisive health issues, and offers earlier examples of these practices . Commenting on preventative measures in South Africa, the World Health Organisation again points out that ‘†¦it is important to collect information on higher risk male-male sex, on sexual behaviour among sex workers, on both injecting behaviour and sexual behaviour among injecting drug users, and on sexual behaviours in other groups that may be at higher risk.’ (World Health Organisation 2008: p.14) Whilst their analysis is based on positivist evidence, the identification of certain groups as most at risk introduces the parallel risk that they will be perceived by others – as solely or especially responsible for the prevalence of the condition. The urge to discriminate against a range of social groups appears to be a very deep seated one in Western societies. As Rothman points out, ‘Individualsearn prestige on the basis of their own efforts†¦or personal attributes (physical attractiveness, intelligence), but there is also a powerful structural dimension to prestige.’ (Rothman 1993: p.12). How ever, certain social groups appear particularly vulnerable to stigmatisation around issues of sexuality and disease: HIV and AIDS sufferers, it may be argued, are the latest group to suffer the re-interpretation of such prejudice. It seems fair to argue therefore that the defeat of stigmatisation is instrumental in the eradication of HIV/AIDS, and almost as important as the medical phenomenon itself. As one commentator puts it, If AIDS is to be defeated, war must be waged against poverty, ignorance, stigmatisation, violence and promiscuity.’ (The Economist 2002). Historically speaking, social explanations and interpretations of disease have always been mediated through cultural perceptions, and frequently manipulated for political purposes. Dirt, disease, sexuality and danger were frequently and unfavourably juxtaposed in public discussions of epidemics, whether relating to sexually transmitted diseases or not. A common theme in such discourses is a moralising view of the infected, and an inference that their behaviour was a major contributory factor in the spread of the disease to others. For example, when Cholera struck nineteenth century Britain, which had not yet developed a germ-theory of disease, its spread was attributed to ‘noxious effluvias’, ‘poisonous vapours’ and ‘obnoxious atmospheres’ generated in the environment of the poor and labouring classes. (Jones 1992: p.38) It was they who were effectively stigmatised with the dissemination of the disease, despite its prevalence amongst all social groups. As Mort reports, the official response was ‘†¦to isolate the human sources of infection, subjecting them to a regime of compulsory inspection and detention, combined with propaganda to educate the poor into a regime of cleanliness and morality.’ (Mort 2000: p.13) Official efforts to limit prostitution focused exclusively on female sexuality through the notorious Contagious Diseases Acts, which exposed any woman within certain geographical areas to arbitrary arrest, medical examination and detention. A common theme in these scenarios, many of which were mirrored elsewhere, is the subjective location of societal health problems in the behaviour and identity of disempowered groups. In each instance – as in the case of HIV/AIDS, responsibility for wider societal ills is linked to a largely voiceless faction, who not only  have poor lateral integration into society, but also less than sympathetic media representation. These behaviours and attitudes are obviously culturally mediated, and vary according to the host society: there is, however, no shortage of empirical examples. In Jamaica, otherwise respected social platforms such as evangelical churches and political parties, as well as popular music celebrities, combine the fear of AIDS with virulent homophobic attitudes. ‘†¦Dance-hall music—todays reggae—blasts across Jamaica. Its lyrics are often direct exhortations to kill gay people, or others who displease the islands gangs. Jamaica Labour Party supporters tauntingly played â€Å"Chi Chi Man†, a song about killing and setting fire to gay men, at their rallies during the general election†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (The Economist 2004). Elsewhere, it has been shifting positions and indecision which have delayed an effective response. In Mozambique, educational programmes aimed at 14 year olds are of uncertain utility, because 40 per cent of the nation’s children do not attend school, and, as The Economist points out, ‘†¦their parents find it difficult to talk to them about sex. So do most public figures. Even ministers are loath to say they have taken a test. Rarely, if ever, does anyone famous admit to being HIV-positive.’ (The Economist 2002) This situation is mirrored in South Africa, where, as Campell et al. indicate ‘†¦many parents simply refuse to acknowledge the very possibility of youth sexuality†¦that their children are sexually active†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢. (Campbell et al. 2006: p.132) The South African government has been engaged in a rearguard against international attitudes which, it felt, were unfairly slanted against its citizens. Recently however, it has rounded on the latter, admonishing those who it perceives as most responsible for the virulence of the disease. President Thabo Mbeki of South Africa said that ‘†¦You cant be going around having hugely promiscuous sex all over the place and hope that you wont be affected by something or the other.’ (The Economist 2002) Campbell et al. argue that such stigmatization is a form of ‘†¦Ã¢â‚¬ psychological policing†, where those who break power relations of gender and generation are disciplined and punished.’ (Campbell et al 2006: p.132). In Tanzania, Haram reports it is again women who are stigmatized in this way, through images of ‘defilement and displacement’: ‘†¦particular concern is directed towards the displacement of young†¦women, who m isuse their sexuality to achieve a†¦luxurious life , by luring wealthy†¦men†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (Haram 2005: p.5) The overriding point here is that stigmatization, as much as mis-information and chimerical moral panics, are ultimately as damaging to those disseminating them as they are the stigmatized and abandoned victims of HIV/AIDS themselves. As Mort point out, ‘Two themes have surfaced repeatedly: competing understandings of perversion and normality and the social meanings attached to sexual acts and lifestyles.’ (Mort 2000: p.xviii) The obscuring and short-circuiting of accurate knowledge or effective counter measures merely ensures the continued presence of the infection in society, making it statistically certain that further innocent victims will fall prey to the disease. An analogy with earlier models of stigmatization illustrates this mechanism of self destruction. It was completely useless to persecute nineteenth century paupers and women as the sole sources of cholera or venereal disease, since this stood no chance of eliminating either condition. Similarly, the stigmat isation of women or the gay community cannot eliminate an HIV virus which is equally capable of infecting other social groups. In the twenty-first century, the social stigmatization of these groups overlooks the specificities of the condition, such as the growing convergence of HIV/TB epidemics. There are notable and laudable exceptions to these patterns of behaviour: for example, in Botswana, mining companies such as Debswana have introduced educational and non-discriminatory protocols as an operational strategy, not only for health, but for commercial survival. As The Economist points out, the company ‘†¦reckoned that if it did nothing, its mines would go the way of Zambias, which have to train four people for each skilled job in the knowledge that three will die. Even in 1997 the annual cost of AIDS per employee in the Botswana Diamond Valuing Company was calculated to be $237.’ (The Economist 2002) . As these pages were being written, the World Health Organization was attempting to polarize global attention and effort through an international AIDS effort, and focusing very much on prevention and understanding. First and foremost, we must do a much better job of prevention. This is the only way to get ahead and ensure an adequate long-term response. We u rgently need to scale up the use of proven context-specific prevention methods. We also need to expand linkages between sectors – for example, to introduce and scale up comprehensive sexuality education for young people.’ (Chan 2008). The problem is, as Haram argues, that such efforts need to be mediated through local knowledge, identifying the obstacles to behavioural change. (Haram 2005: p.9) Bibliography Campbell, C., Y.Nair, and S Maimane, (2006). Aids Stigma, Sexual Moralities and the Policing of Women and Youth in South Africa. Feminist Review 83 (Special Edition on Sexual Moralities). P. Chan, M., (2008), ‘HIV/AIDS: Universal Action Now’ World Health Organisation Website, INTERNET, available at http://www.who.int/dg/speeches/2008/20080803/en/index.html [viewed 5.1.08] Haram, L. (2005). AIDS and risk: The handling of uncertainty in northern Tanzania. Culture, Health and Sexuality 7 (1): 1-11. Jones, K., (1992), The Making of Social Policy in Britain, 1830-1990, Athlone Press, London. Mort, F., (2000), Dangerous Sexualities: Medico-Moral Politics in England since 1830, 2nd Edition, Routledge, London. Rothman, R., (1993), Inequality and Stratification: Class, Colour, and Gender, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey. Unattributed, ‘The Fear that Spreads Death’, The Economist, 25 Nov 2004, INTERNET, available at http://www.economist.com/world/americas/displaystory.cfm?story_id=3437101 [viewed 5.1.08] Unattributed, ‘Fighting back’, The Economist, 9th May 2002, INTERNET, available at http://www.economist.com/world/displaystory.cfm?story_id=E1_TTNDTDJ [viewed 5.1.08] World Health Organization HIV/AIDS Department, (2008), Priority Interventions, HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment and care in the health sector, WHO. World Health Organization/Unaids/Unicef, (2008), Epidemiological Fact Sheet on HIV and AIDS: South Africa, INTERNET, available at http://www.who.int/globalatlas/predefinedReports/EFS2008/full/EFS2008_ZA.pdf [viewed 5.1.08]

Marilyn Monroe :: Biography

Marilyn Monroe was recognized as the â€Å"Blonde Bombshell.†(4) She was well known throughout the world in the 1940’s and 1950’s. Marilyn’s childhood was rough but she rose above it by becoming an actress and model. Norma Jean Mortenson, more famously known as Marilyn Monroe was born on June 1st, 1926 at 9:00a.m in Los Angeles, California. (1, 4) She was born into foster care therefore she never knew her mother or her father. (2) Marilyn’s mom was Gladys Monroe Baker Mortenson. (6) When Marilyn was born her mom was sent to an institution for mental health on behalf of her being diagnosed with paranoia schizophrenia. (6) Marilyn says â€Å"I knew I belonged to the public and to the world, not because I was talented or even beautiful, but because had never belonged to anything or anyone else.†(8) This quote reflects on how she was treated and also how she felt when she was in foster care. When Marilyn was a child she felt unwanted, she would try to replace her mother and father through marriages and attaching herself to her foster families. (9) When Marilyn was young she was molested by her mother’s new husband. (10) This event caused her a lot of emotional and physical scar ring. Later on in Marilyn’s life, she decided to change her name to Norma Jean Baker. (1) Marilyn dropped out of high school her sophomore year. (6) Girls in her time rarely attended college but Marilyn studied at UCLA. (2) Marilyn was most widely known for her acting and modeling career. She received her nickname, Marilyn Monroe, by accident when she didn’t succeed as a girl-next-door at 20th Century-Fox. (30) Marilyn appeared on her first magazine cover in 1944. (5) Her acting career didn’t take off until the 1950’s. (2) Her first movie was called â€Å"The Asphalt Jungle†; she acted in many more movies after that. (2, 6) She got annoyed playing the role of the dumb blonde so she moved to New York City and studied acting with Lee Strasberg. (2) Following this, she signed a seven year contract with 20th Century-Fox. (6) Marilyn’s fame was greater than any entertainer in her time, as a result of this she attracted enormous amounts of media and paparazzi. (6) Marilyn got caught in several sticky situations. She was very close to John F. Kennedy and the Kennedy family as a whole. (5) It was rumored that she was having an affair with John F.

Trung Nguyen Caffee

In 1996 Trung Nguyen was a small business processing coffee in Ban Me Thuoc city. At that time, Vietnam had risen once again to be one of the leading coffee producers in the world, but almost solely producing â€Å"green† coffee (unroasted beans) that were sold on the commodity market. This resulted in no control over the final coffee quality or prices. The Highland region of Vietnam is one of the world's â€Å"top 10† best environments, combining the right altitudes, soils, natural drying conditions, and temperatures for producing the finest of gourmet coffees.Yet the region was not controlling its own destiny to produce these once sought-after coffees. The owners of Trung Nguyen saw that the future for producing gourmet coffee and being reasonably independent of the world commodity markets was to once again follow the best possible growing and processing techniques to produce a world-class coffee, and carry it through all the way to the packaged product.After the revi val of this exotic coffee, the company developed the first Vietnamese franchise of coffee houses and expanded throughout Vietnam and then a number of other countries. Now the most established, respected and successful producer of branded coffee in Vietnam, Trung Nguyen seeks to bring its unique blends to the United States. The West Coast has limited selections of TN coffees available in Asian grocery stores, but most of the US has no source of TN coffees†¦ until now.We are proud to be the first and only authorized Internet shopping source of TN coffee in the US. Trung Nguyen has won numerous prizes and titles for the entrepreneurial achievement of the company, its enlightened business practices, and the excellence of its products. Trung Nguyen coffee growers have been certified by EUREPGAP and Utz Kapeh for â€Å"safe and sustainable† coffee growing practice. Trung Nguyen coffees are grown on smaller farms and using traditional sun-drying methods and natural processing.T heir cultivation supports thriving villages where growers work under contract futures with guaranteed pricing for their products. When you purchase Trung Nguyen coffees, you help preserve heirloom species of coffee and the biodiversity they provide. This protects against the dangerous popularly-held opinion that any one coffee species should be grown in monoculture around the world. Not only does this 100% Arabica movement deny the wide and delicious range of flavors of other coffee varieties, it creates a potential ecological disaster.Advocates of â€Å"1-coffee only† ignore the terrible consequences of past wordlwide Arabica blights that have threatened to change the nature of the coffee plant forever. Trung Nguyen coffees using Arabica, Robusta, Chari (Excelsa), Catimor, Liberica and other diverse varieties preserve the unique flavors and robust nature of the coffee plant and help to create bean blends that are unique and simply broader and better in flavor than any single -source coffee can be. It's good for the future of coffee and its growers; it's delicious in your cup. Enjoy!

Steps in Making Business reports

The importance of the report determines the kind of effort called for: – the amount of research – the length of the report – time spent in writing it to the importance of the subject – use of the report It is important that your readers to be identified, so that the style, format, and the tone of the report may be determined. Tone refers to the total emotional and intellectual effect of a passage of writing. Since tone reflects to feelings, the business report writer must take care that he does not cloud his purpose in writing the report with his emotions. The reader of the report must also be sensitive to the tone of the report. The following generalizations about tone may be considered in writing the report: 1. Reports that travel upward, especially to top management, generally, are written in a more formal tone than those that travel laterally or downward. 2. Reports circulates outside the company are usually more formal in tone than those kept within t he â€Å"family' for internal use. 3.Be generous with headings because report. 2. Words used must be simple 3. Sentences and paragraphs must be short 4. Coherence – provides transitional words between sentences and paragraphs which are expressed as therefore, yet, however, in addition to 5. Margins should be consistent throughout the report, and double spaced for easier reading 6. Illustrations (maps, tables, graphs, drawings, diagrams) give a clear presentation of data especially if any figures are used. After the first draft has been written and edit the report for mechanical errors or errors of facts.Are words correctly spelled? Do ideas relate to one another? Is the right word used? Here are a few examples to show how proper editing results in clarity and conciseness: Original: Sales for the month of July were, by and large, higher than they were for a similar period last year, but the difference is not appreciably so, at least to the extent where one might now consider sitting on â€Å"his success† so to speak. As a matter of fact, the increase was only approximates 4. 5% over last year's sales which were Just average for the industry.Edited: Sales for the month of July were approximated only 4. 5 percent higher than in the similar period last year. Although this is an improvement, it is not impressive and one should make every effort o increase this figure in the future. Original: The business executive has many duties to carry through in business nowadays. He is often called upon to make decisions involving the expenditure of funds, future corporate and movement of human resources. He must also attend many kinds of meetings which are professional in nature and scope.Moreover, he has counseling duties to his subordinates. And on some occasions he must serve as the company's representative to community groups. These are only few of the many tasks hat the modern business executive is expected to carry through. Edited: Today's modern business executive has many duties to perform. Some of these are: 1 . Decision making for the expenditure of funds, for corporate planning, and for the movement of personnel. 2. Attendance in professional meetings. 3. Counseling of subordinates. 4. Serving as the company representative to community groups.

The tender laws of England Essays

The tender laws of England Essays The tender laws of England Essay The tender laws of England Essay Dickens talks about a pauper old woman, who was rendered rather misty by an unwonted allowance of beer and a parish surgeon who did such matters by contract. Dickens is trying to say about the appalling and uncaring and inadequate medical attention in workhouses. Boards generally employed the cheapest doctors. Dickens refers to Oliver as A new burden imposed upon the parish. This seems to be not Dickens view but the view of those who managed the workhouses and society in general. Dickens explains that the nurse had been drinking from a green glass bottle, the contents of which she had been tasting in a corner with evident satisfaction. Dickens views of the people who were meant to be taking care of others were not high. He thinks they are inadequate for the job, are selfish and dont care about who they are meant to be looking after. Dickens writes about Olivers mother. He says, She imprinted her cold white lips passionately on its forehead. The use of the word passionately stands out at this point because it is the first positive image so far in the novel. Dickens is trying to show how badly unmarried poor mothers were treated in the mid 1800s. The doctor states that Oliver is likely to be troublesome. This is shocking to the reader, as it is doubtful that he is to be any more troublesome than any other newborn. At the end of the first chapter, Dickens expresses that Oliver s a parish child- the orphan of a workhouse to be cuffed and buffeted through the world- despised by all, and pitied by none. Poor orphans had a very bad status in the mid 1800s as people thought it was their own fault they were poor. Dickens is sarcastic when he says that Oliver was left to the tender mercies of church wardens because Christian officials should be kind and helpful towards poor people, yet these people were to punish them. In the opening of Chapter 2 it says, Oliver was the victim of a systematic course of deception Dickens is trying to give his readers the message that Oliver has been a victim from birth.

Airline marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Airline marketing - Essay Example There is a widely held misconception that marketing is about selling what is being produced. It is much more than that. Marketing is involved in deciding what should be produced. Marketing is involved in deciding what should be produced as well as how it should be sold. As such it is the lynchpin of any industry. It is all – pervasive. It is important to recognize that everyone in the airline can contribute to the marketing process. The essence of marketing is to identify and satisfy customer needs; to be consumer-or- market oriented rather than production – or supply oriented. If an airline concentrates on merely selling what is produced before identifying what customers want and are prepared to pay for, it is doomed to failure. The first step in marketing is to identify markets and market segments that can be served profitably. To do this one uses the whole range of market research methods, from desk based statistical analysis to survey of current and prospective user s of air services. The aim is to gain at the understanding of the needs of different market segments and also the degree to which such needs are not currently being satisfied. This leads on naturally to the production of traffic forecasts, which should be as detailed and segmented as possible.The second stage of marketing is to decide, in the light of the preceding market analyses, the air services that should be offered in the market and their product features both in the air and on the ground. This is product planning. ... The third stage is to plan and organize the selling of the products on the basis of a marketing plan. This involves setting up and operating sales and distribution outlets both airline-owned, such as sales office or telephone and internet sites, and indirect outlets involving a range of agents, sub-agents and on-line agencies. In order to attract potential customers, the marketing plan will also include a detailed program of advertising and promotion activities. Lastly, marketing is concerned with reviewing and monitoring both the degree to which the airline has been able consistently to meet the service standards and product features planned and customers responses to them. Such monitoring through weekly sales figures, customer surveys, analyses of complaints and other market research techniques should enable airlines to take short term corrective action, where possible, and also to make longer-term changes in their service and product features. We would be discussing here the marketing approach adopted by one of the best international airlines - Singapore Airlines. Singapore Airlines Ltd. (SIA), the national airline of Singapore and a major carrier in the Pacific region with routes to Europe and North America, is known for its unparalleled customer service as well as for its continuing efforts to upgrade its aircraft and technology. A long-established strategic seaport, Singapore is an important transit point for travel to other areas of the Far East. Even during times of severe recession in the airline industry, SIA has been the world's most consistently profitable airline and, unlike most, a virtual stranger to debt. The "Singapore Girl" flies to 90 cities in 40

Floating World in Japanese art history Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Floating World in Japanese art history - Essay Example Asai Ryoi wrote his famous Tales of the Floating World (Ukiyo-monogatari) in 1661 and describes the floating world thus: "Living only for the moment, savouring the moon, the snow, the cherry blossoms and the maple leaves, singing songs, loving sake, women and poetry, letting oneself drift, buoyant and carefree, like a gourd carried along with the river current† (History of Ukiyo-e Woodblock Print). The floating world became a centre of refinement, art, culture and elegance and led the tone in a bourgeois society that gained the confidence to lead the taste in art and fashion. Although officially looked down upon by aristocratic circles, the world of courtesans, actors, entertainers and gentlemen of private means was more or less openly admired and copied. Japanese courtesans enjoyed a very high status in society, comparable perhaps, only to the very few privileged maitresses en titre at the French court during the 17th and 18th century, and the higher ranking courtesans were well educated in literature, music and the art of conversation as well as leaders in style and fashion. The pleasure districts of Edo (Tokyo), Osaka and Kyoto provided a lively background and meeting place for the merchant class and the demimonde. The most prolific era for the arts in Japan was the Genroku period from 1680 to 1730. Literature, painting, poetry, but also the sciences, flourished during this period and the arts were encouraged by the shogun (military ruler) whose seat was in Edo (Tokyo). At the time of the Japanese shogunate the emperor was sidelined – he was a powerless figurehead reduced to conducting ceremonies and composing poetry. His seat was in Kyoto, well removed from the centre of power in Edo. Japanese society was divided into four strata: the nobility (samurai), who held all political power, the peasants, who in theory were second only to the nobility, as they provided rice for the nation (Hibbett, 2002) and were therefore of fundamental importance, and